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Seven residues clipped out of a 43-residue protein, and they happen to be the exact seven that grip actin. The rest of the protein turned out to be commentary.

A fifteen-amino-acid fragment of a protective gastric protein, studied in animal models of tendon, gut and blood vessel repair.

The last three residues of alpha-MSH, which turn out to carry the anti-inflammatory signalling while leaving the tanning and appetite business behind with the parent.

EPO's peace-treaty fragment: it keeps the tissue-protection signalling and cannot touch red blood cells at all. Roughly 193 people studied, last trial finished in 2015.

Licensed in more than thirty countries as Zadaxin, which makes it the diplomat of this catalogue. Its biggest randomised trial found no mortality benefit, and both facts belong in the first sentence.

The full 43-residue protein, not the seven-residue fragment everyone calls TB-500. Nearly five kilodaltons of actin-binding peptide, and the distinction is the whole point of this page.

The internet's favourite research pairing, supplied together in one order. Exactly one controlled experiment has tested whether combining them adds anything, and we quote it below.

Three research compounds sharing one vial: BPC-157, GHK-Cu and TB-500, plus a copper atom with an open coordination site. No published study on the combination.

Your body makes exactly one cathelicidin. This is it, all 37 residues, and its lead clinical candidate did not clear phase 2b.

BPC-157's arginate salt sibling. Same fifteen residues, different packaging, and a published literature of its own that rounds to zero.

Cholera taught researchers how the gut's tight junctions swing open. Larazotide is the counter-move, and its phase 3 stopped for futility in 2022. The whole arc is on this page.

Found in pig intestine in 1970, then it kept turning up everywhere else: lungs, brain, pancreas, immune cells. Its 461-patient phase 3 stopped for futility, which is a specific word with a specific meaning.